Immune screening identifies novel T cell targets encoded by antisense reading frames of HIV-1.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Cytotoxic-T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to epitopes in alternative HIV reading frames have been reported. However, the extent of CTL responses to putative proteins encoded in antisense reading frames is unknown. Using sequence alignments and computational approaches, we here predict five potential antisense HIV proteins and characterize common CTL responses against them. Results suggest that antisense-derived sequences are commonly transcribed and translated and could encode functional proteins that contain important targets of anti-HIV cellular immunity.
منابع مشابه
Immune screening identifies novel T cell targets encoded by anti - sense 1 reading frames of HIV - 1 2 3
1 Immune screening identifies novel T cell targets encoded by anti-sense 1 reading frames of HIV-1 2 3 Christoph T Berger1,2,*, Anuska Llano3,*, Jonathan M. Carlson4, Zabrina L Brumme6,7, Mark A 4 Brockman6,7, Samandhy Cedeño3, P Richard Harrigan7, Daniel E Kaufmann1,8, David 5 Heckerman4, Andreas Meyerhans9,10, and Christian Brander 3,10-12 6 7 1 Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston...
متن کاملCD8 T cell response and evolutionary pressure to HIV-1 cryptic epitopes derived from antisense transcription
Retroviruses pack multiple genes into relatively small genomes by encoding several genes in the same genomic region with overlapping reading frames. Both sense and antisense HIV-1 transcripts contain open reading frames for known functional proteins as well as numerous alternative reading frames (ARFs). At least some ARFs have the potential to encode proteins of unknown function, and their anti...
متن کاملInfluence of HAART on Alternative Reading Frame Immune Responses over the Course of HIV-1 Infection
BACKGROUND Translational errors can result in bypassing of the main viral protein reading frames and the production of alternate reading frame (ARF) or cryptic peptides. Within HIV, there are many such ARFs in both sense and the antisense directions of transcription. These ARFs have the potential to generate immunogenic peptides called cryptic epitopes (CE). Both antiretroviral drug therapy and...
متن کاملIdentification of Cryptic MHC I–restricted Epitopes Encoded by HIV-1 Alternative Reading Frames
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I-restricted epitopes are widely believed to be derived from viral proteins encoded by primary open reading frames. However, the HIV-1 genome contains alternative reading frames (ARFs) potentially encoding small polypeptides. We have identified a panel of epitopes encoded by ARFs within the gag, pol, and env genes. The ...
متن کاملEvidence for the Chronic in Vivo Production of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type I Rof and Tof Proteins from Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Directed against Viral Peptides
Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a persistent virus that causes adult T cell leukemia and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Studies on rabbits have shown that viral proteins encoded by the open reading frames pX-I and pX-II are required for the establishment of the persistent infection. To examine the in vivo production of these proteins in humans, we have...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of virology
دوره 89 7 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2015